【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodsforElectricalPerformanceofNonconcentratorTerrestrialPhotovoltaicModulesandArraysUsingReferenceCells
【原文标准名称】:使用标准电池的排列和非聚能地面光电模电气性能的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTME1036-2008
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2008
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E44.09
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:arrays;modules;performance;photovoltaic;testing;Conductanceandconductivity(electrical)--solardevices;Currentmeasurement--solardevices;Electricalperformance--solardevices;Irradiance/irradiation--solar;Lasersandlaserapplications;Mom
【摘要】:Itistheintentoftheseprocedurestoproviderecognizedmethodsfortestingandreportingtheelectricalperformanceofphotovoltaicmodulesandarrays.Thetestresultsmaybeusedforcomparisonofdifferentmodulesorarraysamongagroupofsimilaritemsthatmightbeencounteredintestingagroupofmodulesorarraysfromasinglesource.Theyalsomaybeusedtocomparediversedesigns,suchasproductsfromdifferentmanufacturers.Repeatedmeasurementsofthesamemoduleorarraymaybeusedforthestudyofchangesindeviceperformance.Measurementsmaybemadeoverarangeoftestconditions.ThemeasurementdataarenumericallytranslatedfromthetestconditionstostandardRC,tonominaloperatingconditions,ortooptionaluser-specifiedreportingconditions.RecommendedRCaredefinedinTable1.Ifthetestconditionsaresuchthatthedevicetemperatureiswithinx00B1;2x00B0;CoftheRCtemperatureandthetotalirradianceiswithinx00B1;5%oftheRCirradiance,thenumericaltranslationconsistsofacorrectiontothemeasureddevicecurrentbasedonthetotalirradianceduringtheI-Vmeasurement.Iftheprovisionin5.3.1isnotmet,performanceatRCisobtainedfromfourseparateI-VmeasurementsattemperatureandirradianceconditionsthatbracketthedesiredRCusingabilinearinterpolationmethod.Thereareavarietyofmethodsthatmaybeusedtobracketthetemperatureandirradiance.OnemethodinvolvescoolingthemoduleundertestbelowthereferencetemperatureandmakingrepeatedmeasurementsoftheI-Vcharacteristicsasthemodulewarmsup.Theirradianceofpulsedlightsourcesmaybeadjustedbyusingneutraldensitymeshfiltersofvaryingtransmittance.Ifthedistancebetweenthesimulatorandthetestplanecanbevariedthenthisadjustmentcanbeusedtochangetheirradiance.Innaturalsunlight,theirradiancewillchangewiththetimeofdayorifthesolarincidenceangleisadjusted.Thesetestmethodsarebasedontworequirements.First,thereferencecell(ormodule,see1.1.1and4.3.4)isselectedsothatitsspectralresponseisconsideredtobeclosetothemoduleorarraytobetested.Second,thespectralresponseofarepresentativecellandthespectraldistributionoftheirradiancesourcemustbeknown.Thecalibrationconstantofthereferencecellisthencorrectedtoaccountforthedifferencebetweentheactualandthereferencespectralirradiancedistributionsusingthespectralmismatchparameter,whichisdefinedinTestMethodE973.Terrestrialreferencecellsarecalibratedwithrespecttoareferencespectralirradiancedistribution,forexample,TablesG173.Areferencecellmadeandcalibratedasdescribedin4.3willindicatethetotalirradianceincidentonamoduleorarraywhosespectralresponseisclosetothatofthereferencecell.Withtheperformancedatadeterminedinaccordancewiththesetestmethods,itbecomespossibletopredictmoduleorarrayperformancefrommeasurementsunderanytestlightsourceintermsofanyreferencespectralirradiancedistribution.Thereferenceconditionsof5.3.1mustbemetifthemeasuredI-Vcurveexhibitsx201C;kinksx201D;ormultipleinflectionpoints.TABLE1ReportingConditionsTotalIrradiance,Wm............
【中国标准分类号】:L54
【国际标准分类号】:27_160
【页数】:8P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:Diphenylamine
【原文标准名称】:二苯胺
【标准号】:JISK4153-1995
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:日本
【发布日期】:1995-07-01
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:日本工业标准调查会(JP-JISC)
【起草单位】:TechnicalCommitteeonChemicalAnalysis
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:芳族化合物;有机颜料;染料;胺(芳族);苯胺;二苯胺
【英文主题词】:diphenylamine;amines(aromatic);aniline;
【摘要】:この規格は,有機中間物としてのジフェニルアミンについて規定する。
【中国标准分类号】:G17
【国际标准分类号】:71_080_30
【页数】:12P;A4
【正文语种】:日语